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助動詞的實(shí)用方法
協(xié)助主要?jiǎng)釉~構(gòu)成謂語的詞叫助動詞(Auxiliary Verb)，也叫輔助動詞。被協(xié)助的動詞稱作主要?jiǎng)釉~(Main Verb)。以下是小編整理的關(guān)于助動詞的實(shí)用方法，希望大家認(rèn)真閱讀!
助動詞的實(shí)用方法 1
1、助動詞be
一般疑問句：
陳述句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧鋾r(shí),如句中有be動詞(am/is/are/ was/were),可直接將它們提至主語前。
如主語為第一人稱,應(yīng)將其改為第二人稱。例如：
Im watching TV.
Are you watching TV?
如主語為第三人稱，那么單數(shù)用is，復(fù)數(shù)用are。
例如：
He is good at swimming
Is he good at swimming?
My classmates are kind and polite.
Are your classmates kind and polite?
時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)，例如：
He was an engineer.
Was he an engineer?
They were on a long journey.
Were they on a long journey?
特殊疑問句：
特殊疑問句有兩種語序：
如疑問詞作主語或主語的定語，即對主語或主語的定語提問，其語序是：
“特殊疑問詞+陳述句”，例如：
Alice is singing in the room.
Who is singing in the room?
如疑問詞作其他成分，即對其他成分提問，其語序是：
“特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句”，例如:
He is from Canada.
Is he from Canada?
Where is he from?
2、助動詞do
一般疑問句：
陳述句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧鋾r(shí),如句中只有一個(gè)實(shí)義動詞作謂語時(shí)，句首加do或does，主語后的實(shí)義動詞用原形。
例句：
I want to have a haircut.
Do you want to have a haircut?
She like that red car.
Does she like that red car?
時(shí)態(tài)為一時(shí)般過去時(shí)，則在句首加did，主語后的.實(shí)義動詞用原形。
例句：
She came by train.
Did she come by train?
特殊疑問句：
特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句，例如:
He plays basketball every night.
Does he play basketball every night?
What does he do every night?
3、助動詞have
一般疑問句：
在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，陳述句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧鋭t需將has/have提前，放在句首。
例句：
I have finished my homework.
Have you finished your homework?
He has changed his mind.
Has he changed his mind?
特殊疑問句：
特殊疑問詞+陳述句，例如：
He has cleaned the room yesterday.
Who has cleaned the room yesterday?
特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句，例如：
I have studied English for three years.
Have you studied English for three years?
How long have you studied English?
4、助動詞shall和will
注意：Shall只用于第一人稱，如用于第二、三人稱，就失去助動詞的意義，變?yōu)榍閼B(tài)動詞，且有命令意味。
變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧�，只需將shall和will提前至句首。例如：
We should study harder at English.
Should we study harder at English?
He will go to Shanghai.
Will he go to Shanghai?
變?yōu)樘厥庖蓡柧�，例句�?/p>
I shall look after the sheep.
Who shall look after the sheep?
She will go to Beijing tomorrow.
When will she go to Beijing?
5、助動詞should和would
should無詞義，只是shall的過去形式，只用于第一人稱;
would也無詞義，是will的過去形式。
用法與shall，will相似，只是shall，will表示一般將來時(shí)，should，would表示過去將來時(shí)。
注意：這里的shall,will,would,should只作助動詞使用，無詞義，而非情態(tài)動詞。
助動詞的實(shí)用方法 2
助動詞一般沒有詞意，不能單獨(dú)作謂語動詞。其作用在于幫助構(gòu)成各種時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、否定、疑問等。
1、助動詞be(am, is, are, was, were, being, been)的用法
(1) be后跟現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。
Who is playing the violin?誰在拉小提琴?
She was reading a book then.那時(shí)她正在讀書。
(2)be后跟過去分詞構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)。
He was asked to do the work.有人要他干這件工作。
You are invited to attend the meetintg.有人邀請你參加會議。
(3)be 后跟不定式作謂語，有如下幾種情況：
①表示計(jì)劃、安排將要發(fā)生的事。
Who are we to meet?我們要見誰呀?
Im to have supper with John this afternoon.今天下午我要與約翰一起吃晚飯。
�、诒硎局甘�、命令，否定式表禁止。
You are to see the headmaster today.今天你必須去見校長。
You are not to enter the room without permission.未經(jīng)允許你不能進(jìn)入房間。
③表示義務(wù)、責(zé)任等，同should。
You are to be back before 5.你得在5點(diǎn)鐘以前回來。
What is to be done?該干什么。
�、鼙硎究赡苄�，與情態(tài)動詞may, can同義。
Such books are to be found in any library.這種書任何圖書館都有。
Not a sound was to be heard.一點(diǎn)聲響也沒有。
�、荼硎竞髞戆l(fā)生的事，可以用來表示命運(yùn)或注定
They say good-bye, little knowing that they were never to meet
again.他們告別了，沒想到再也不能相見了。
He was to regret the decision.他有一天會后悔做出這一決定的。
�、抻糜诹�(xí)語
Where am I to go? 我該向何處去?
What am I to do? 我該怎么辦?
2、助動詞have(has, had, having)的用法
(1)助動詞have可以構(gòu)成完成時(shí)或完成進(jìn)行時(shí)
He has been a doctor for 10 years.他當(dāng)醫(yī)生十年了。
This is the place I have been longing to visit.這就是我一直渴望參觀的地方。
(2)和不定式構(gòu)成謂語，表示客觀上不得不做的事情。
Weve missed the train. Well have to wait for another
one.我們己經(jīng)誤了火車，我們只能等下一列。
-Do we have to start work?我們得立刻工作嗎?
-No. We dont have to.不，不必了。
3、do(does, did) 的用法
(1)構(gòu)成疑問句或否定句
How did you know about it?你是怎樣知道這件事的。
He does not smoke. 他不抽煙。
(2)加強(qiáng)語氣。
He did tell that.他的`確告訴了此事。
Do come and see us.一定來看我們。
(3)代替前面剛出現(xiàn)的動詞，避免重復(fù)。
-You like popular music, dont you?你喜歡流行音樂，是吧?
-Yes , I do.是的，我喜歡。
He speaks French as fluently as she does.他講法語和她講的一樣流利。
(4)用于倒裝句中。
Never did he pay attention to my words.他從不注意我的話。
Only then did I understand the importance of English.只是那時(shí)，我才了解到英語的重要性。
(5)構(gòu)成否定的祈使句。
Dont be so careless.不要那么粗心。
Do not hesitate to come for help.只管來求助。
4、shall(should)和will(would) 的用法
(1)shall(should)用于第一人稱的將來時(shí)中，單純表示來
I shall think it over.我要好好考慮一下。
When shall I see you again?我何時(shí)再見到你?
I rang up to tell her that I should leave for London. 我打電話告訴她我要去倫敦。
(2)will用于第二、第三人稱的將來時(shí)態(tài)中，在現(xiàn)代英語中可以用于所有人稱
He will be 30 next month. 他下月將是30歲。
You will have an English test tomorrow.明天你有英語小測驗(yàn)。
He wanted to know when you would finish the writing.他想知道你何時(shí)完成寫作。
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